![]() ![]() That’s what gets connected to the virtual switch. In truth, the management operating system is getting a virtual network adapter of its own. If you attempt to bind anything else to the adapter, it’s quite probable that you’ll break the virtual switch. The management operating system is quite simply unable to “share” it. TCP/IP, and most other items, are removed from it. Once the virtual switch is bound to a physical adapter, that adapter is no longer used for anything else. Unfortunately, this is not at all an accurate representation of Hyper-V’s virtual network stack. What seems to happen far too often is that people read these and think of the virtual switch and the virtual adapters like this: the management operating system) is to have access to the physical NIC bound to the virtual switch to be created. In PowerShell’s New-VMSwitch cmdlet, there’s an AllowManagementOS parameter which is no better, and its description - Specifies whether the parent partition (i.e. In the Hyper-V Manager GUI, it’s worded as Allow management operating system to share this network adapter. Part of what makes understanding the external virtual switch artificially difficult is the way that the related settings are worded. How to Conceptualize the External Virtual Switch ![]() External in this usage means that it can connect to systems that are external to the Hyper-V host. You can use the same private IP address range for the adapters on an external virtual switch that you’re using on the physical network it’s attached to. Do not confuse this switch type with public IP addressing schemes or let its name suggest that it needs to be connected to an Internet-facing system. It allows communications between the physical network and the management operating system and the virtual adapters on virtual machines. The external switch type must be connected to a physical adapter. Like the private switch, the internal switch does not have any relation to a physical adapter and therefore also cannot uplink to any another switch. This allows the management operating system to directly communicate with any virtual machines that also have virtual adapters on the same internal switch. The internal switch is similar to the private switch with one exception: the management operating system can have a virtual adapter on this type of switch. You can mentally think of this as a switch that has no ability to uplink to other switches. “Private” in this sense is not related to private IP addressing. This switch is purely logical and does not use any physical adapter in any way. Even the management operating system is not allowed to participate. The private switch allows communications among the virtual machines on its host and nothing else. Do not confuse these with IP addressing schemes or any other virtual networking configuration in a different technology. There are three possible modes for the Hyper-V switch: private, internal, and public. To open that discussion, you must first become acquainted with the available types of virtual switches. The next part of understanding the virtual switch is how it interacts with the host. ![]() When visualized, the Hyper-V network switch should be thought of in the same way as a standard switch: It’s also responsible for isolating network traffic to the virtual adapter that is supposed to be receiving it. It can even perform some Quality of Service (QoS) tasks. It operates in layer 2 as the go-between for virtual switch ports. The key to understanding is realizing that it truly is a switch, just like a physical switch. There’s an in-depth article on the Hyper-V Virtual Switch on this blog, but for the sake of this article I’ll give you a basic introduction to the concept, within the bigger picture. The single most important component of networking in Hyper-V is the virtual switch. Several articles that explain common aspects begin with this explanation of the OSI model. ![]() Networking Basicsīefore beginning, it might be helpful to ensure that you have a solid grasp of the fundamentals of Ethernet and TCP/IP networking in general. This article will start by looking at the conceptual design of virtual networking in Hyper-V, configuration and then work through implementation best practices. Networking is also different in Hyper-V than in other hypervisors, so even those with years of experience can stumble a bit when meeting Hyper-V for the first time. If you’re new to the world of virtualization, networking configuration can be one of the toughest concepts to grasp. ![]()
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